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Accomodation sprinkler system for cargo ships

There may be a variety of different fixed fire fighting installations exist, some of which are specifically designed for certain types of ship. The sketch shows a sprinkler system suitable for accommodation purposes. A fire in a one section would cause a rise in temperature, causing a quartazoid bulb in a sprinkler head to break, which would then start spraying the area with fresh water.
Once this happens, a flow alarm for this section will operate giving an alarm on a control panel that is normally situated on the bridge. This panel will show the section where the sprinkler head has activated, moulting in someone investigating the situation. If it is a genuine alarm, the fire alarm will be sounded, if a false alarm, the manual stop valve for this section, which will be locked open, can be shut, the key normally being behind a break glass panel in the vicinity of the valve.

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The system is always pressurised with fresh water from a pneupress tank. In the event of a real fire and the pressure in the pneupress tank falls below a predetermined setting, a pressure relay will send a signal to the seawater pump, starting the pump and supplying seawater to the sprinkler system.

accommodation-sprinkler system
Fig: Accommodation sprinkler system

Advantages of the system are: Its automatic and quick operation, the fire fighting medium is cheap and plentiful and the system is also easily tested.

Disadvantages are: It causes a lot of damage when used. Danger of free surface effect if a lot of water is used high up on the accommodation decks. System has to be flushed with fresh water after use and a good eye has to be kept on the pressure tank.



Fixed fire extinguishing installations

A variety of different fixed fire fighting installations exist, some of which are specifically designed for certain types of ship. A selection of the more general installations will now be outlined.
  1. Fire main system for cargo ships

    2. An outbreak of fire requires a source of ignition, the presence of combustible material and ample oxygen. Of the three factors, oxygen is provided in large quantities in machinery spaces, accommodation, dry cargo holds and tanker pumprooms by ventilation fans. Air supply trunkings are not only a source for a supply of oxygen to feed the fire but also have potential for carrying smoke from one area to another....

  2. Automatic water spray & water mist system for machinery protected area

    3. The automatic spray or sprinker system provides a network of sprinkler heads throughout the protected spaces. This system may be used in accommodation areas, and in machinery spaces with certain variations in the equipment used and the method of operation. ....

  3. Automatic foam induction system for machinery space fire

    4. Foam spreading systems are designed to suit the particular ship's requirements with regard to quantity of foam, areas to be protected, etc. Mechanical foam is the usual substance used, being produced by mixing foam making liquid with large quantities of water. Violent agitation of the mixture in air creates air bubbles in the foam. ...

  4. CO2 fire extinguishing installations for machinery spaces

    5. Fire extinguishing installations employing CO 2 stored under pressure at ambient temperature are extensively used to protect ships' cargo compartments, boiler rooms and machinery spaces. When released the CO 2 is distributed throughout the compartment, so diminishing the relative oxygen content and rendering the atmosphere inert....

  5. Inert gas systems, inert gas generator

    6. Inert gases are those which do not support combustion and are largely nitrogen and carbon dioxide. Large quantities suitable for fire extinguishing can be obtained by burning fuel in carefully measured amounts or by cleaning the exhaust gases from a boiler. ....

  6. Fire fighting Halon system

    7. A Halon storage system would be very similar to one using carbon dioxide except that fewer cylinders would be required. The liquefied Halon is usually pressurised in the cylinders with nitrogen in order to increase the speed of discharge. ....



Other important fire & safety equipments


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