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Use of R744 CO2 as a Marine Refrigerant
When carbon dioxide (CO2) is used as a refrigerant the working pressures are
high, being about 70 bar at the compressor discharge and 20 bar at the
compressor suction. The machinery and system must therefore be of
substantial construction. The critical temperature is low (31°C) and this causes
problems in areas with high sea-water temperature. It also has a low coefficient
of performance. Poor miscibility with oil required that a drain system be
provided to remove oil continuously from the evaporator.
The gas is not explosive or flammable but a leak is potentially dangerous
because it can displace air and asphyxiate. It is also toxic. The liquid is stored in
steel bottles at high pressure, ideally in a cool space. A temperature rise will
cause a pressure rise in the bottles which is relieved by the rupturing of a safety
disc and release of gas.
Related Info:
- Refrigeration system components
Centrifugal,reciprocating, or screw compressors. Modern Shell and tube type condensers.Various refrigerant types, refrigerant flow control valves & Ancillary fittings etc.....
- Modern refrigerants for cargo ships
In all refrigeration, heat is collected in a suitable fluid and this fluid is removed from the space substance being cooled carrying the heat with it. Such fluid known as refrigerant. All refrigerants using on board might be sub-divided into primary and secondary refrigerants.....
- Choice of refrigerants
Theoretically, almost any liquid can be used as a refrigerant if its pressure/temperature relationship is suitable for the conditions. Although no perfect refrigerant is known, there are certain factors which determine a refrigerant's desirability for a particular duty and the one selected should .....
- Cargo refrigeration procedure
Refrigerated cargo vessels usually require a system which provides for various spaces to be cooled to different temperatures. The arrangements adopted can be considered in three parts: the central primary refrigerating plant, the brine circulating system, and the air circulating system for cooling the cargo in the hold.....
- How to troubleshoot refrigeration system faults
It is important that gas losses are minimized in systems. Gas used in this system is both expensive and a danger to health. The system is therefore to be kept in an absolutely gas-tight condition. On no account should the refrigerant be blown off to atmosphere. Before carrying out repairs the refrigerant should be pumped down to the liquid receiver or the condenser. The remaining gas should be vented off and the area well ventilated.....
- Safety precautions for refrigeration plant and refrigerated compartments
Adequate information should be available on each vessel, laying down the operation and maintenance safeguards of the refrigeration plant, the particular properties of the refrigerant and the precautions for its safe handling.....
- Reefer container
Individual containers with their own refrigeration plant are connected to the 440 or 220 a.c. sockets provided on deck. Systems designed for the cooling of refrigerated containers employ trunkings arranged so that containers stowed in stacks between built-in guide rails, can be connected to the suction and delivery air ducts of the ship's
refrigeration plant by bellows pieces operated pneumatically......
- Air conditioning
Single-duct & twin-duct marine air conditioning system - An air conditioning system aims to provide a comfortable working environment regardless of outside conditions. Satisfactory air treatment must involve a relatively 'closed' system where the air is circulated and
returned......
Marine machineries - Useful tags
Marine diesel engines ||Steam generating plant ||Air conditioning system ||Compressed air ||Marine batteries ||Cargo refrigeration ||Centrifugal pump ||Various coolers ||Emergency power supply ||Exhaust gas heat exchangers ||Feed system ||Feed extraction pump ||
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